Spinning machine



D. W. MAXHAM SPINNING MACHINE Nov. 16; 1948'.

Filed Sept. 6. 1945 5 Sheets-Shet l INVENTOR.

D. W- MAXHAM SPINNING MACHINE Nov. 16; 1948.

5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Sept. 6. 1945 I INVENTOR. 1] ani 21 W. l l'axham I ATTORNEY:

D. W. MAXHAM SPINNING MACHINE Nov. 16, 1948.

Filed Sept 6, 1945 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 FLg-EI.

13am- E1 w TIa INVENTOR. x'h El'lTL A TORNEYS.

- Nov'. 16, 1948. D. w. MAXHAM 2,453,302

SPINNING MACHINE I Filed Sept. 6. 1945 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 FE-E- ig- INVENTOR 11311151 W. MEXhELITL 2m, ee BY 2 2\ ATTORNE V Nov. 16, 1948. 4 D. w. MNAVXHAM 2,4 3,

SPINNING MACHINE Filed Sept. 6, 1945 5 She'ets-Sheet 5 F-L%.:LE|. F-Lglli.

T INVENTOR.

I Dan-L 21W Tl'axham ECI iHT \BOBYZZ r I ATTORNEYS.

Patented Nov. 16, 1948 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,453,802 SPINNING MACHINE Daniel W. Maxham, Hogansville, Ga. Application September 6, 1945, Serial No. 614,642

10 Claims.

This invention relates to the textile industry, and'more particularly to spinning apparatus for uniformly arranging fibers and providing a twist.

According to the major feature of the invention the fibers to be twisted are plucked out of the source of supply and passedforward where other fibers are twisted about and together with these fibers. I

An important object of the invention is to provide an especially eflicient and high-speed machine or apparatus for this purpose. 7

A still further object of the invention is to provide a spinning machine which will arrange fibers in a uniform manner and insert twist in the prearranged fibers at a high speed.

Another object of the invention is to provide a spinning machine which spins yarn of continuous length.

A further object of the invention is to provide an apparatus for spinning, arranged so that the yarn may go directly to the next machine or apparatus with no handling of the yarn,

Another object of the invention is to provide a machine that will draft out roving and put twist in this roving.

A still further object of my invention is to provide an apparatus that will spin a smooth hightensile yarn.

Yet another object of the spinning machine is to provide an apparatus that will require a minimum amount of attendants time.

Other objectsand advantages of the invention will become apparent from the drawings and following detailed description of the invention and in which drawings:

Figure l is a front elevation of the novelapparatus, with certain parts in vertical section so as to better illustrate portions of the construction. i

Figure 2 is one end elevation thereof.

Figure 3 is the other end elevation.

Figure 4 a view, mostly in vertical transverse section, of the upper portion of the apparatus adjacent the end shown in Figure 2.

Figure 5 is a view, partly in vertical, transverse section, of the upper portion of the apparatus, adjacent the end shown in Figure 3, and including a placer.

Figure 6 is an enlarged, fragmentary view, partly in section, of a portion of the structure in the left hand portion of Figure 5.

Figure 7 is a view upon substantially the line 'l--'l of Figure 6.

Figure 8 is a face view of a twister which may be employed in the apparatus.

Figure 9 is a top plan view of a roll assembly, forming a part of the apparatus.

Figure 10 is a front elevation of a top roll weighting means, associated with the assembly of Figure 9.

Figure 11 is a longitudinal section of a modification of the twister of Figure 8.

Figure 12 is a view, somewhat like Figure 5 illustrating drive of the placer.

Figure 13 is a view, partly in longitudinal section of a modification of one of the rolls (the bottom front roll) forminga part of the apparatus.

Figure 14 is a transverse section thereof and of an associated roll.

Figures 15 to 19 are diagrammatic views, illustrating steps in the progression of the material being handled and of the twisting of the fibers.

Figure 20 is a-diagrammatic view, illustrating a'modified step, difiering from that of Figures 15 to 19.

Figure 21 is a diagrammatic view,illustrating a modification of a plucking roll forming a part of the novel machine.

In the drawings, for the purpose of illustration is shown a preferred embodiment of theinvention with several modifications of Portions of the apparatus, and therein, similar reference characters designate corresponding parts throughout the several views. 7

The novel apparatus includes a frame 25; motive means 26; drive 21 for the back and front roll means 28, drive 29 for the plucking and carrier roll means 30 as well as for the placer. means 30a; drive 3| for the control draft roll means 32; and drive 33 for the twister means 34.

Referring to Figures 1, 2 and 3, the frame 25, includes paralleling end uprights 35 and 36, joining a horizontally-disposed upper support 31, a horizontally-disposed intermediate or roller stand support 38, and a horizontally-disposed lower support 39. It will be noted, particularly in Figures 2 and 3, that the upper portions of the uprights 35 and 36, from the intermediate support 38 to the upper support 31, are narrowed, and the upper support 31 juts outwardly beyond these narrowed portions, Upright 35 may be provided with a pair of substantially circular bearing-accommodating openings 40 and 41, one preferably directly above the other, and upright .36 may have two bearing-accommodating openmediate its ends, supplemented by an suitable 3 engine or the like (not shown), operatively connected to the drive shaft 45, which is supported by bearings 46 and 41, extending through the openings 48 and 42 respectively, which bearings may be secured to their respective uprights and 36, as by bolts 48 and 49, preferably below the lower support 39. This drive shaft extends across the frame 25 and projects from both uprights. Preferably, outwardly of the upright 35, the shaft 85 carried a drive pulley 58, fixed to the shaft, as by the set screws 5|. Preferably, along the shaft 45, where it projects from the upright 36, there is a drive pulley 52, secured to the shaft as by a set screw 53. A collar 54 or like means, may be secured to the shaft 45, as by set screws 55, and abut the bearing 41, preventing undesired longitudinal movement of the shaft in one direction and, since it is preferred that the hub of the pulley 58 abuts the bearing 48, the shaft cannot move, accidently, longitudinally in the other direction.

Extending through the opening 4| is a bearing 56, supporting ashaft 51, and secured to the upright 35, as by the bolt 58. The shaft 51 carries a pulley 59 and a collar 88, so that, the pulley n 66 may be supported at its end 85 as by a bearing 88 secured to the upright 38 as by bolt 89.

Now as to drive 21 for the back and front roll means 28 mostly disposed adjacent the upright 35, or at the'left-hand end of the apparatus. Upon the shaft 51, which extends through A the upright 35 as described, is secured a first gear 18, which abuts the bearing 56at one side and abuts a sleeve 1|, upon the shaft 51, at its other side, so that a second gear 12, fixed upon the shaft 51 is spaced from the gear 18."

The shaft 51 terminates just beyond the second gear 12 and may be screwthreaded, with a nut thereon, adapted to press second gear 12 against sleeve 1| and the latter against first gear 18. Of course the intermediate horizontal support 38 may be slotted to accommodate the gears 18 and 12.

As for the specific drive for thecback rolls: meshing with the first gear 18 is a, preferably,

larger-diametered gear 13, fixed upon a short shaft 14 which may extend through a bearing 15, supported by a bracket 18 and secured thereto, as by the screw 11. At the end of the short shaft 14, opposite its end carrying the gear 13,

.is fixed a small gear 18, which is the one driving the back roll gear IN, to be subsequently described.

As for the specific drive for the front roll: meshing with the gear 12 is a small gear 19 fixed upon a short shaft 88 carried by a bearing 8| supported by a bracket 82 projecting inwardly from and secured to the upright 35 below the gear 18. The shaft 88 also carries the small'gear 83 which is the one driving the front roll gear, to be subsequently described. Nuts 84 and 85'at the ends of shaft 88 press the gears 19 and 83 against the bearing 8 I. f

Now, as for the drive 29 for the plucking and carrier roll means 38, mostly disposed adjacent upright 38, or at the right-hand end of the apparatus. To the plucking roll 86 is secured a first friction disc 86, as by set screw 81, the support 38 being slotted to accommodate the disc 85. Disc 86 is in frictional contact with the periphery of a second friction disc 88, which is secured to one end of a short shaft 89, supported by a bearing 98. Secured to the other end of the shaft 89 is a third friction disc 9! in peripheralfrietional. contact with a fourth or carrier roll friction disc 92.

' Referring to the bearing 88 and Figure 3, it will be seen that the bearing is, in part, a normally horizontally-disposed arm, extending rearwardly of the apparatus and pivoted, intermediate its ends to a bracket 93 depending from the upper support 31 and provided at its free lit) ,jacent the front edge of the latter.

end with an equalizing or balancing means, as a contraction coil spring 94, secured at one of its ends to this free end, and to the support 31 at its other end. This assembly tends to retain friction discs 88 and 9| in good, sustained frictional contact with their associated discs 86 and 92.

As for the drive 3| for the-control draft roll means 32, in Figure 5 it will be seen that a largersprocket wheel 95 carries a chain 96 which extends over a smaller sprocket wheel 91. The larger wheel 95 is mounted upon the shaft of back-roll I88, to be described, and rotates therewith, and the smaller wheel 91 is mounted upon the control draft roll, to be subsequently described. Therefore, rotation of the back roll I88 imparts rotation to the control draft roll.

The drive 33 for the twister means 34, shown more particularly in Figures 5 and 6, includes africtiondisc 98 fixedly mounted upon the shaft of the motor-44, this disc having, preferably, a V-shaped peripheral groove.

As for theback'and front roll means 28,'the two back rolls 99 and I88 are shown more specifically in Figure 4 and the top back roll I88 is also shown in Figure 9. The drive connection between the small gear 18 and the bottom back roll 99 is through a back roll gear |8I fixed to the shaft of the bottom back roll. This shaft is carried by spaced-apart, substantially like bearings I82, one being shown in Figure 4.

The top back roll I88 is disposed directly above the roll 99 but supported differently as may be seen in Figures 4 and 9. Preferably its support, includesapair-of spaced-apart uprights I83rigidlysecured to the intermediate support 38 at the rear of the apparatus. Pivotally supported by these uprights, intermediate their lengths, is a yoke or stand I84 which may be termed the top back roll stand. This comprises two side bars "I secured together-by a brace I86, and supported by pivot pins to the uprights I83 at the rear ends of the bars I85. Journalled in the bars I85 are the stub axles of the top back roll As for the front roll H8, whichis one of two front rolls, this is supported by a pair of like, spaced-apart bearings II supported by brackets I|2 secured to the support 83 and disposed at ad- Thefront roll 'I I8 is provided with a gear I I3 which meshes with the small, gear 83. heretofore described. The top front roll I I4 is also supported bythe stand I 88 as will be further on described.

The plucking roll means includes a pair of spaced-apart supports I |5f or the plucking roll 56,

which isaone of two plucking rolls. The preferred Figures 15 to 19 inclusive, and the roll 85 has an ansasoa enlargement or projection H6 extending longitudinally of the roll and provided with an arcuate face I H. Drive connection with this roll has been described. The substantially cylindrical plucking roll I is substantially like the top back roll I00. It is rotatably carried by a yoke or top plucking roll stand I2I across which its shaft I22 extends. The stand I2l includes a pair of spaced apart substantially L-shaped bars with their longer ends pivotally carried at adjacent the upper part of the uprights I03 which also support the top back roll means as described. A brace I23 joins the bars to complete the stand or yoke I2I. The top plucking roll I20 is so disposed, with relation to the plucking roll -58, that the latter frictionally contacts the former only during a part of the revolution of the latter and this frictional contact is sufficient to drive the top plucking roll I20 at substantially the peripheral speed of the plucking roll 66.

For the purpose of proper adjustment of roll I20 with respect to roll 68 there is provided an adj ustment means embodying a depending bracket or stand I25, secured to the upper support 31 provided with a substantially horizontally-disposed shoulder I20 projecting toward the rear of the apparatus intermediate the length of the vertical portion I2I of the bracket I25. The lower end of this portion I21 carries a conventional trumpet I28. A vertically-disposed cap screw I25 extends through the intermediate portion of the brace I23, with the free end of this screw I28 abutting the shoulder I25. From this, it is apparent that, by screwing the cap screw I29 downwardly, the front portion of stand I2! and the top plucking roll I20 carried thereby will be raised, and various vertical adjustments may be made so that it will be in frictional contact with the face I H of the projection I E8 of the plucking roll 86, and drops only a few thousandths inch when out of contact therewith. When the proper adjustment has been made, a'lock nut I3il on the screw I29 may be tightened to fix the adjustment of the screw. This screw I29 has a projection I3I projecting upwardly from its head which functions as the retainer for the lower end of an expansion coil spring I32 while a somewhat similar projection I33 extends downwardly from the upper support 31 to retain the upper end of the spring. or course, the ends of the spring abut the head of the screw I29 and the inner face of the upper support 3'! re spectively. The spring I32 tends to force the top pluckin roll I20 into good frictional contact with the plucking roll 66 (although the weight of the f-ormer'tends to provide such contact, in part).

As for the carrier roll means, the same spaced apart brackets II2 carrying the bearings ill for the front roll Ilil also support, for rotation, the lower carrier roll l35 which is preferably disposed just back of the front roll IIO and spaced therefrom. The carrier roll mounts the fourth or carrier roll friction disc 82. At the front portion of the top back roll stand or yoke I04 are two sets of slots I38 and I3? at opposite sides of the same. One set of slots accommodate the ends of the top front roll I iii, and the other set accommodate the ends of the top carrier roll I38.

As for the control draft roll means 32, the same bearings I02 which support the bottom back roll 09 also rotatably support thelower control draft roll M0, and the same top back roll stand I04 has a third set of slots I H intermediate the ends of the side bars to accommodate the ends or spindles of the top control draft roll I42 which is self-weight- V and carrier roll drive means, it will be noted in ed and adapted to'apply only light pressure to fibers.

In Figure 9 it will be noted that a pair of pulleys I43 are provided for free rotation on stub axles I44, and a pair of pulleys I45, freely rotatable on stub axles I46, and these axles are carried by and project inwardly from the top front stand I41. It is preferred that these pulleys are accurately balanced in order to permit high R. P. M. Their function will be subsequently explained.

In Figure 10, weights I48 depend from :thestand I41. As has been stated, the shafts of the top front roll I I4 and top carrier roll I38 fit into slots and this construction tends to retain the top front roll I I4'and top carrier roll I38 in their relative positions. Weights I43 cause the pulleys I43 to press down upon the top front roll I I4 and pulleys I45 to press down upon the top carrier roll I38. This, in turn, causes the top front roll I I4 to be in good frictional contact with the associated front roll I I0 and roll I38 to be in good frictional contact with the associated carrier roll I35, so that motion imparted to the bottom rolls I I0 and 35 will be imparted to the associated top rolls H4 and I38. 0

Referring now to the twister means 34 shown especially in the central portion :of Figure 1, and in Figures 5 to 8 inclusive. The friction disc 98, mounted upon the shaft of the motor 44, should be well balanced to be rotated at high R. P. M. This disc 98 is adapted to carry and rotate the twister I50. This is of novel construction and is a disc like body with its circular edge portion chamfered as at I5I which fits into the V-groove of the disc 98. The central portion of the twister is open as at I52 and into the opening project a plurality of twist pins I53, being somewhat vshaped in plan and are non-radially disposed, al-- though spaced equidistantly apart as in Figure 8. In the example shown, there are four such twist pins.

The chamfered edge portion of the twister body is also in contact with a pair of discs I54 shown in Figure l and one being shown in Figure 6. These discs have V-shaped grooves to accommodate the chamfered edge portion mentioned. Each'disc I54 is mounted on a shaft I55. which maybe supported by suitable bearings, as ball bearings I56, carried by a normally horizontal arm I57 which is adjustably supported by a bracket I58 carried by the top support 3?. The connection between the arm I51 and bracket I58 is a pivot pin. The weight of the arm I51 and discs I54 retain the latter in contact with the twister I50 and, of course, the latter in contact with the disc 98. There is, as may be seen, no shaft connection with the twister, which is retained, for rotation and in a vertical position by the three discs 88 and I54.

This arrangement permits a nice balance, for all three discs 98 and I54 rotate in the same vertical plane and carry the twister I50 for rotation in this same vertical plane.

As to that portion of the drive for the placer means 30a,b'eing associated with the plucking Figure 1 that a spur gear I60 is fixed to the p1ucking'roll 55 as by Allen set screws I6I. This gear I60 meshes with and drives spur gear I62 which is fixed to shaft I83. It is preferred to drive the placer (to be described) at the R. P. M. of the plucking roll65, so the spur gear I62 has twice as 'many teeth as has the spur gear I60. Shaft I63 extends longitudinally of the machine, is sup-'- ported'adjacentits outer endby the bearing I84 secured to the upright 36 as by the bolt: I65, and adjacent its inner end by a hearing I 66 secured to the support 38. Collar IB'I is fixed to shaftl63 and prevents longitudinal movement of the shaft in one direction while gear I62 prevents longitudinal movement in the other direction. At the inner end of shaft I63 is a bevel gear I68.

Referring to Figure 12, which contains portions of the preferred structure, includin the placer I'll), rear bearing I'II for'the shaft I12 of placer Eli! is secured to the support 38 as by cap screw H3, and front bearing I14 is likewise secured, as by cap screw H5. Upon shaft 112, which extends transversely of the machine, is mounted a bevel gear, I18 meshing with bevel gear I68 both being of substantially similar size. The placer Ill and a collar IT! on shaft I12 prevent side play thereof.

Placer lid includes a pair of arms I18 extending radially from a hub portion I79 (substantially 180 apart) and these arms terminate, at their free ends, in offsets 288 which preferably form, with their respective arms I18, obtuse angles. One offset Hid, when the arms are substantially vertical, extends to the left, while the other offset I88 extends to the right, as may be seen in Figure 1. The timing of the placer-I70 will be explained in the description of the operation of the machine.

The machine may be provided with a support lSE, extending substantially horizontally rearwardly from the roller stand support 38, for rotatabiy supporting, a vertically-disposed bobbin E86, carrying material 182, such as roving.

Figure 11 contains a vertical section through a modified twister 208. The only difference between this twister 2M and twister I50 is that the former contains inserted twist pins 2M.

Figures 13 and 14, illustrate a modification of the front roll assembly. Therein, the bottom front roll 285 is hollow, peripherally fluted with the flutes 2% running longitudinally of the roll, and has a plurality of, spaced-apart small mouths 201 between the flutes 206, and extending to the hollow or chamber 268 within the roll 205. With- L in this chamberZilil is a fixed, hollow, cylindrical member 239, having a longitudinally-extending slot am. The position of this slot 2H] is shown in Figure 14 where it is disposed closed to the periphery of the associated upper or top front roll I IM, so that as the modified bottom front roll 2B5 rotates air will be drawn through the mouths 201. The member 2H9 may be a pipe, slotted as described, with the slot, of course, being wholly within the front roll 295, the pipe being closed at its outer end and leading to a suitable vacuum pump (not shown) at its other end. Drive means for the front roll 205 is substantially the same as that for the front roll H0.

The air drawn into the mouths 20'! will tend tov draw the front ends of the fibres into the grip of the top and bottom front rolls H4 and 205.

In the operation of the machine, referring particularly to Figures 15 to 19 inclusive, it will be seen (in Figure 15) that the back rolls MI and I4? have gripped the material (roving or the like) I82 and urged it toward the control draft rolls Me and I42 which have gripped it and urged it toward the plucking rolls 66 and I20. The bottom plucking roll 66 has nearly contacted the material I82 which has advanced to directly below the top plucking roll I20. The back, rolls 99 and I 60 wind off the material I82 at a substantially constant speed, and the high speed with which a the plucking rolls. fifiand I20 andcarrier. ro1ls;I.35

8 and-I38 rotate,,cause the material to advancedirectly to the front rolls. H0 and H4 without lapping up on any of the rolls. The disposition of the material, as in Figure 15, associated with the twister I50, placer I'ID-and front rolls I I0 and II 4 will be subsequently described in a future step in the operation.

In Figure 16, the lower or bottom plucking roll 66 has contacted the material and in Figure 17 has urged'it forward but has broken contact therewith. Subsequent rotative positions of the roll 66 are shown in Figures 18 and 19.

In Figure 17 the material is in the rotative grip of the topv and bottom carrier rolls I38 and I35 and in Figure 18 the latter have urged the materialllifto the front rolls III] and II4 through the central opening I52 in the twister I50.

Referring back to Figure l5, the material I82 to the, right of the plucking rolls 66 and I20 is that advanced in one revolution of the plucking roll 66. The front rolls II!) and II4 have a grip on the material, and the placer I'Hl has rotated to a position out of contact with the material.

In Figure 16, the placer :10 has rotated so that its arms I18 are substantially vertical and its offsets iii?) are pushing the fibres of the material I82 into the paths of the twist pins I53 of the twister I50.

In Figure 17, the placer I70 has rotated from the path of the material but the fibres still have the momentum imparted to them and are moving toward the twist pins Hi3, while in Figure 18 the fibreshave reached the front rolls II!) and H4 and the rear extremities of the fibres are almost in the path of the twist pins. They are not now connected with the source of supply.

In Figure 19 some of the fibres have been caught by the twist pins and are bein twisted around others-of the fibres in the axial portion of the twister I50 and the front rolls are still functioning to draw. the twisted strand forward. The arms of the placer I'll) are now substantially hori to form the yarn.

In Figure 20 is shown a diagrammatic modification, for twisting fibres of a wiry character.

Plucking roll 66 plucks fibers out of the material in the same manner as previously explained. On account of the reduction of the surface speed between the carried rolls and the front rolls the fibers will bow as atfiflil in- Figure 20. These are in the grip of the front rolls and also in the grip of the carrier rolls. Just before the carrier rolls have delivered the ends of the fibers, the bow in these fibers becomes great enough for twist pins in twister ISO to catch the fibers. When the twist pins catch the fibers, due to wind resistance and the inertia resistance of the fibers, they will slide up the pins. The twister is so designed that, when the fibers are held by the twist pins,

the backends oftthe fibers are clear of the delivering end of; the carrier rolls. The twister I50 is designed so as to rotate at very high R. P. M., and the carrier rolls I35, and I38 also, rotate at 9 high R. P. M. The momentum of the fibers prevents these fibers from lapping up on the rolls.

If desired, the bottom plucking roll, which is preferably exactly like the plucking fol-L66 heretofore described, except that the bottom plucking roll 2E5 of Fig. 21 may be provided, as in- Figure 21, with a pair of enlargements or projections 2E6, 180 apart, whereby there are twoarcuate faces Zi'i', and contact of the bottom plucking roll with the top plucking roll l2!) occurs twice in one rotation of the former.

What is claimed is:

1. In a spinning machine, strand fibre twisting means, including a rotatable member having a central opening and spaced-apart twist pins projecting into said opening; placer means to project fibres from strand material into the paths of said twist pins and disposed closely adj acent said twister means; carrier means to convey a strand material to said placer means; plucking means to intermittently urge strand material to said carrier means, and means to steadily urge strand material to said plucking means.

2. In a spinning machine, strand fibre twisting means, including a rotatable member having a central openin and spaced-apart twist pins projecting into said opening; placer means to project fibres from strand material into the paths of said twist pins and disposed closel adjacent said twister means; carrier means to convey a strand material to said placer means; plucking means to intermittently urge strand materialto said carrier means, including a roll having a portion projecting from its periphery and with said portion having an arcuate face adapted to intermittently contact said strand material upon rotation of said roll; and means to steadily urge strand material to said plucking means.

3. In a spinning machine, a twister including a body having a substantially circular outer periphery, an open center and a plurality of spacedapart twist pins projecting into said open center; means for supporting said twister, including a rotatable support member and a rotatable drive member, both having substantially circular outer peripheries in frictional contact with the outer periphery of said twister, at least one of said peripheries being grooved; means to feed fibrous strand material to said open center; means to project fibres from said material into the path of said twist pins; and means to draw material, acted upon by said twist pins, from said twister.

4. In a spinning machine, a twister including a disc having a grooved periphery and a central substantially circular opening with a plurality of spaced apart twist ins extending into said opening toward the axis of rotation of said disc;

means for supporting said twister, including arotatable support disc with its periphery within said groove, a pivot pin for said support member and a drive disc, with its periphery within said groove and in frictional contact with the walls thereof; means to feed fibrous strand material to said central opening; means to project fibres from said strand material into the path of said twist pins; and means to draw material, acted upon by said twist pins, from said twister.

5. In a spinning machine, a twister including a body having a substantially circular outer periphery, an open center and a plurality of spaced-apart twist pins projecting into said open center; means for supporting said twister, including a rotatable support member, and a rotatable drive member, both having substantially circular outer peripheries in frictional contact With r 10 the outer periphery of said twister, at least one of said peripheries being grooved; means to feed fibrous strand material to said open center; means to project fibres from said material into the path ofsaid twist pins comprising a rotatable placer having a hub, a pair of arms projecting radially therefrom, and an offset at the free end of each arm, said arms forming with theirrespective offsets, obtuse angles, said rotatable placer being disposed with axis of rotation substantially paralleling the axis of rotation of said body and so that said arms, upon rotation of said placer, will intersect said axis; and means to draw material, acted upon by said twist pins, from said twister.

'6. In combination with spinning. machine twister means comprising a rotatable disc having an opening and twist pins extending into said opening, apla'cer comprising a hub portion, an arm extending radially from said hub portion and an offset extending from the free end of said .arm said placer being disposed, closely adjacent said twister, and so that said arm, upon rotation of said hub portion, will intersect the axis of said opening and said offset will describe a circular path around said axis.

'7. In combination with spinning machine twister means comprising a rotatable disc having an opening and twist pins extending into said opening, said twist pins being disposed nonradiall with respect to said disc and with their free ends spaced substantially an equal distance apart, a placer comprising a hub portion, an arm extending radially from said hub portion and an offset extending from the free end of said arm, and forming an obtuse angle with said arm, said placer being disposed, closely adjacent said twister, and so that said arm, upon rotation of said hub portion, will intersect the axis of said opening and said offset will describe a circular path around said axis.

8. In a spinning machine, two plucking rolls, comprising a substantially cylindrical top roll and a bottom roll, said bottom roll having a projection extending longitudinally thereof, said projection having an arcuate face, adapted to contact said top roll upon rotation of said bottom roll; means to rotatesaid bottom roll; means to adjust the position of said top roll with respect to the face of said face upon rotation of said bottom roll; including a first support, a bracket carried thereby and having a substantially horizontally-disposed shoulder, a second support, a yoke pivoted to the second support, said yoke having a brace portion and bearings with the ends of the top plucking roll disposed in said bearings, a cap screw extending through the intermediate portion of said brace, with the free end of said screw abutting said shoulder, and an expansion coil spring bearing upon the head of said cap screw and upon said first support; means to feed fibrous strand material to between said plucking rolls;

and means to receive and convey strand material from said plucking rolls.

9. In a fibre twisting machine, a twister; means to deliver roving to said twister; means to receive twisted rovings from said twister, including a first roll and a second roll, the first being tubular, exteriorly longitudinally fluted and having a plurality of air inlets extending from the fiutings.

to the central portion of said tubular roll; means to rotate said rolls, and a, fixed air tube extending into said tubular roll and in intimate and sliding contact with the interior surface thereof, said air tube having a longitudinally-extending slot,

11 Within said tubularr01 disposed in elose prexe imity to the second r011, said rolls being in oentaet longitudinally.

10. In a fibre twisting maehi e, a,- twister; means to deliver ratings to, saidtwisfier; means to receive twisted rovings from said twister, in, eluding a, first roll and a. second roll, the f rst, be: e t r X- erimfl l ng udi al y fluted and having a plurality of air inlets extendingfrom the 'flutings to-the central portion of said tubule: r011; means to rotate. said-rolls, and e. fixed. a1? tube extendinginto'said tuhulelfmll and in 11 91 mate and sliding eontaet with the interiorsum face thereoil'said air tube he ting a longitudinal.- iy-extending slot, within said tubular rel}, dis,r

posed in close proximity to the second roll, said rolls being in contact. leng-itudinally' and said first r011 being disposed below said second roll- ANTEL. W.

KEFERENQES CITED The following references; are of record in the file of this patent:

N mbe No number 5 115,435 55M1 6891556 UNITED STATES PATENTS Name Date 1s and onr d M r. 3

Hi i125 v---1-- 0 15, i M60 4? Dec. 24: 1901 Bliillips et al. Dec. 27, 1904 Numbe Mar. 4, 1924 Feb. 3, 1,925 1 Mar. 5,1927 Feb. 10 1931 Mar- 1938 

